jeudi 14 août 2014

Top Tips Grammar: Participle clauses

Main points

*Nouns are followed by ‘-ing’ clauses that say what a person or thing is doing.
*Nouns are followed by ‘-ed’ clauses that show that a person or thing has been affected or caused by an action.

 

a) You can often give more information about a noun, or an indefinite pronoun such as ‘someone’ or ‘something’, by adding a clause beginning with an ‘-ing’ form, an ‘-ed’ form, or a ‘to’- infinitive.

- He gestured towards the box lying on the table.
- I think the idea suggested by Tim is the best one.
- She wanted someone to talk to.

 

b) You use an’-ing’ clause after a noun to say what someone or something is doing or was doing at a particular time.

- The young girl sitting opposite him was his daughter.
- Most of the people strolling in the park were teenagers.

 

c) You can also use an ‘-ing’ clause after a noun to say what a person or thing does generally, rather than at a particular time.

- Problems facing parents should be discussed.
- The men working there were not very friendly.

 

d) You often use an ‘-ing’ clause after a noun which is the object of a verb of perception, such as ‘see’, ‘hear’, or ‘feel’.

- Suddenly we saw Amy walking down the path.
- He heard a distance voice shouting.
- I could feel something touching my face and neck, something ice-cold.

 

e) You use an ‘-ed’ clause after a noun to show that someone or something has been affected or caused by an action.

- He was the new minister appointed by the President.
- The man injured in the accident was taken to hospital.

Remember that not all verbs have regular ‘-ed’ forms.

- A story written by a young girl won the competition.
- She was wearing a dress bough in Paris.

 

 

 

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Top Tips Abz Ingles: Part A    -    Part B
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See also:

Words related to Failure to Cooperate Irregular Verbs list
Common Phrasal Verbs Common Slangs
Common misspellings Regular vs Irregular Verbs
Common Errors Frequently confused words
Common Slangs Lista de Términos Gramaticales
Common Clichés Common Prepositions

 

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