Main points
*‘Of’ can be used to add many different types of information, ‘with’ is used to specify a quality or possession.
*Some nouns are always followed by particular prepositions.
a) You can give more information about a noun by adding a prepositional phrase after it.
- Four men on holiday were in the car.
- Sound behind him made him turn.
b) You often use the preposition ‘of’ after a noun to add various kinds of information. For example, you use ‘of’ to indicate:
*what something is made of or consist of
- ... a wall of stone.
- A feeling of panic was rising in him.
*what the subject matter of speech, writing, or a picture is
- She gave a brief account of her interview.
- There was a picture of them both in the paper.
*what a person or thing belongs to or is connected with
- She gave the daughter of the village priest.
- The boys sat on the floor of the living room.
*what qualities a person or thing has.
- She was a woman of energy and ambition.
- They faced problems of great complexity.
c) After nouns referring to actions, you use ‘of’ to indicate the subject or object of the action.
- ... the arrival of the police.
- ... the destruction of their city.
After nouns referring to people who perform an action, you use ‘of’ to say what the action involves or is aimed at.
- ... supporters of the hunger strike.
- ... a student of English.
Note that you often use two nouns, rather than a noun and a prepositional phrase. For example, you say ‘bank robbers’, not ‘robber of the bank’.
d) After nouns referring to measurement, you use ‘of’ to give the exact figure.
- ... an average annual temperature of 20 degrees.
- ... a speed of 25 kilometres an hour.
You can use ‘of’ after a noun to give someone’s age.
- Jonathan was a child of seven when it happened.
e) You use ‘with’ after a noun to say that a person or thing has a particular quality, feature, or possession.
- ... a girl with red hair.
- ... the man with the gun.
Note that you use ‘in’ after a noun to say what someone is wearing.
- ... a grey-haired man in a raincoat.
- ... the man in dark glasses.
f) Some nouns are usually followed by a particular preposition. Here are some examples of:
*nouns followed by ‘to’
| alternative | attitude | reaction | return |
| answer | introduction | reference | |
| approach | invitation | resistance |
- This was my first real introduction to Africa.
*nouns followed by ‘for’
| admiration | need | responsibility | taste |
| desire | reason | search | thirst |
| dislike | respect | substitute |
- Their need for money is growing fast.
*nouns followed by ‘on’
| agreement | comment | tax |
| attack | effect |
- She had a dreadful effect on me.
*nouns followed by ‘with’ or ‘between’
| connection | contact | link | relationship |
- His illness had some connection with his diet.
*nouns followed by ‘in’
| decrease | fall | rise |
| difficulty | increase |
- They demanded a large increase in wages.
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Top Tips Abz Ingles: Part A - Part B
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See also:
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